译者的创造性与受约性

译者在翻译过程中,在选择原文、理解原文和表达原文方面显示其创造性的一面,但也受到原文文本、社会权力和话语、读者反映和译者自身条件的制约,从而显示其受约性的一面。     

连续Archimedean t-模T的积分-加法生成元

文中提出的关于t-模T的研究,是近年来概率度量理论研究的一个中心问题。在文献[1]和[2]的基础上,通过引入积分-加法生成元,对概率赋范线性空间(E,)H,T)中连续Archimedeant-模T进行了进一步的讨论,得到了T1≤T2的一个新的充分必要条件,并由此获得了找出比已知t-模T1要大或要小的T2的新方法。     

强连续C-半群的概率型估计

讨论了指数有界的C-半群的逼近问题，应用适当的随机变量的矩生成函数估计式，建立了Banach空间上C-半群概率表示的渐近公式，推广了C0半群的一些结果，如：Hille指数公式及Post-Widder反演公式等．     

不同形态的锰酸锂晶体的熔融盐法制备及对其对充放电性的影响

论述了不同形状和大小的锰酸锂晶体的熔融盐制备法，以及尖晶石型锰酸锂晶体的形状和大小对充放电特性的影响。氧化锰微孔晶体以[MnO6]八面体为基本单元，用共棱和／或共角的连接方式组成一维隧道、二维层状和三微网络的多样化的微孔结构，这些结构中的遂道、层和空位是传送离子的通道。影响离子传送的因素除了结晶结构以外，还同晶体的形态和大小有关。熔融化盐法是控制锰酸锂晶体的形态和大小的有效的方法，通过选择熔融盐的种类和控制制备条件可得到不同组成、不同形态和大小的晶体。把不同组成、不同形状和大小的尖晶石型锰酸锂晶体作为锂电池的正极材料，探讨了电池的充放电性能，发现薄片或针状的富锂组成的锰酸锂晶体可有效的提高其充放电容量和改善充放电特循环特性。     

基于子区域的机器人全覆盖路径规划的环境建模

研究了移动机器人在含障区域内完成全覆盖行走的优化环境建模.将子区域内行走路线、区域分割和子区域衔接顺序三方面结合,进行总体优化的考虑.提出用"双线扫法"完成区域的分割,选择"向内螺旋式"行进作为子区域内部行进路径,构造整个待覆盖区域全连通图模型,用旅行商问题解法求最优的有向全连通图,取得了令人基本满意的结果.     

岩土本构关系的特殊性和统一性

在阐明岩土塑性变形的基本特殊性,特别是应力应变关系与应力路径相关性,产生机理的基础上,明确指出了导致这些特性的内在的共同的根源是,岩土塑性变形中存在两个相对独立的变形,即体积应变和剪切应变,两者之间存在着强烈的非线性的相互作用.这种耦合作用造成岩土的力学响应不仅具有多样性和复杂性,而且也具有内在的统一性.     

基于可靠度的土坡最危险滑面分析

用算例证明了概率危险面与定值危险面并不一致。提出了2种方便实用的概率分析方法，即基于定值安全系数程序的组合参数搜索法和在Excel中运用的矩阵公式法。经过比较认为组合参数搜索法虽是近似的，但比传统的定值法更接近矩阵公式法得到的概率危险面，2种方法均可用于工程实践中土坡稳定性的概率分析与评价。     

Probabilistic approach in high-cycle multiaxial fatigue: volume and surface effects

The stress gradient and the size of a component are known to influence the fatigue strength of metallic components. Indeed, in high‐cycle fatigue, experiments prove that the stress distribution as well as the size of the loaded specimen can be responsible for changes in the fatigue limit (for instance, the fatigue limits in tension and bending are different, and decrease with the size of the specimen). When dealing with multiaxial load conditions, those effects still act but a relevant criterion must be used to account for the complex state of stress. The weakest‐link concept together with a multiaxial endurance criterion based on a microplasticity analysis are then combined to describe the fatigue limit distribution of different metallic materials. Several load conditions are analysed: tension–compression, torsion, rotating bending and plane bending. By means of the proposed model, all the known effects on fatigue strength can be reflected. First, the endurance probability can be adequately predicted for any complex load conditions knowing some reference data from uniaxial fatigue tests. It can be linked to the probability of finding a defect with a critical size. The weakest‐link theory also accounts for the decrease of multiaxial fatigue limit with the stressed volume. For the same load condition (i.e. for the same stress distribution in the volume), the probability of finding a critical defect increases with the component size and then according to the weakest‐link theory the fatigue strength drops. A second model, based only on the damage developed at the surface, is also proposed. While the original Weibull theory makes no distinction between potential initiation sites at the free surface and in the volume and can lead to unsatisfactory predictions when applied to materials containing defects such as nodular cast iron, the new surface approach distinguishes between surface and volume effects.     

Reliability Based Design Optimization Using Design Explorer

Experimental design methods can be applied to engineering design activities to understand which variables affect the system under consideration, how these variables affect the system, and how to select variable settings that will give uniformly long life to the system. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the use of Design and Analysis of Computer Experiment (DACE) methods (Sacks, J. et al., 1989) and design optimization via the Surrogate Management Framework (Booker, A. J. et al., 1999; Audet, C. et al., 2000) on reliability optimization problems. Reliabilities are calculated using the Probabilistic Structural Analysis Method (Palle Thoft–Christensen and Baker, 1982; Achintya Haldar and Sankaran Mahadevan, 2000), a method for estimation of reliabilities and reliability indices for a structural model given probability distributions for design variables and “environmental” variables such as loads. By maximizing reliability, or minimizing the probability of failure, we attempt to achieve a minimum cost design that is affected minimally by the variability in the design variables.     

Updating Situation Models.

The authors examined how situation models are updated during text comprehension. If comprehenders keep track of the evolving situation, they should update their models such that the most current information, the here and now, is more available than outdated information. Contrary to this updating hypothesis, E. J. O'Brien, M. L. Rizzella, J. E. Albrecht, and J. G. Halleran (1998) obtained results suggesting that outdated or incorrect information may still influence the comprehension process. The authors of the current study demonstrate that the nature of E. J. O'Brien et al.'s materials were the likely cause of this pattern of results. Hence, the current authors constructed materials that circumvent identified confounds and in a reading-time experiment obtained evidence supporting the here-and-now hypothesis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)